Military Choice

2022-04-20 18:21:15 About Guru Gobind Singh

• Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth sixth guru,  a spiritual leader, warrior, poet and philosopher. #GKbyMilitaryChoice @militarychoiceblog

• He formally became the leader and protector of the Sikhs at the age of nine after his father, Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Sikh Guru, was killed by Aurangzeb for refusing to convert to Islam.

• He founded the sixth warrier community called Khalsa in 1699.

• The community was created especially for the defence of Sikhism and Hinduism against the Mughals.

• Guru Gobind Singh fought 14 battles against the Mughals and won most of the battles.

• Guru Gobind Singh Ji declared Guru Granth Sahib as Sikhism's holy scripture in 1708, before his death.

• He left his bodily form on October 7 in 1708.

Four Sons

• Guru Gobind Singh had four sons- Baba Ajit Singh, Baba Jujhar Singh, Baba Zorowar Singh and Baba Fateh Singh

• Among Guru Gobind’s four sons, two of the eldest (Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh), were martyred at the Battle of Chamkaur in December 1704 against the Mughals.

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2022-04-20 06:38:44 Khilji Dynasty: Policies

The Khilji dynasty’s economic policy and administration were exceedingly rigorous, and everything was in the hands of the King.

The situation of peasants, businesspeople, and the average man was dire and difficult to maintain at times. Khilji monarchs, particularly Alauddin Khilji, altered expenditure methods solely to build his treasury, fulfil his obligations, and stockpile for his expansionist wars.

He simply increased agricultural taxes from 20% to 50%, payable in the form of grain and rural produce or cash, and he eliminated instalments.

Alauddin Khilji imposed four different types of taxes on non-Muslims in the Sultanate: jizya (poll tax), kharaj (land tax), kari (house tax), and chari (field duty).

He also proclaimed that his Delhi-based officers, as well as local Muslim jagirdars, khuts, mukkadims, chaudharis, and zamindars, might seize half of all output as a cost on standing yield in order to fill sultanate storerooms by force. #GKbyMilitaryChoice

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2022-04-20 06:37:30 Khilji Dynasty: Rise of Empire

With the succession of Jalal-ud-din Khalji as Delhi Sultan on June 13, 1290, the Khalji Dynasty was established. In the beginning of the year 1290 A.D., the Mamluk dynasty governed Delhi. Muiz ud din Qaiqabad was the tenth and final line ruler, and it is reported that Jalal-ud-din Khalji assassinated him.

When a group of Qaiqabad nobles attempted to install his newborn son, Kayumars, on the throne, Jalal-ud-din assassinated them, and the infant was ousted. Then Jalal-ud-din seized the throne and was proclaimed Sultan of Delhi on June 13, 1290, marking the start of the Khalji dynasty in Delhi.

Khilji Dynasty: Fall of Empire

During the Khalji Sultans’ reign, the Mongols invaded Delhi on a regular basis. It undermined the empire and jeopardised the country’s security. The Mongols were mostly raiders. By invading and plundering the country on a regular basis, they weakened the government financially. #GKbyMilitaryChoice

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2022-04-20 06:34:46 Khilji Dynasty (1290 - 1320) #GKbyMilitaryChoice @militarychoiceblog

The Khalji or Khilji dynasty was a Turko-Afghan dynasty that ruled over the Delhi Sultanate for about three decades, from 1290 to 1320, and ruled over huge swaths of the Indian subcontinent.

The second dynasty to rule the Delhi Sultanate of India, it was founded by Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji and came to power in a revolution that signified the transfer of authority from Turkic nobility to Afghans.

Its reign is remembered for conquests into modern-day South India and for effectively repelling Mongol invasions of India.

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2022-04-19 20:32:32 UNESCO World Intangible Cultural Heritage List 2022 #GKbyMilitaryChoice @militarychoiceblog

14: Durga Puja in Kolkata ओपन / कमेंट

2022-04-18 10:06:07 Mumbai and Hyderabad - Tree City of the World

Mumbai and Hyderabad have been jointly recognised as ‘2021 Tree City of the World’ for their commitment to growing and maintaining urban trees and greenery in building healthy, resilient and happy cities. #CAbyMilitaryChoice

While Mumbai has made the list for the first time, Hyderabad has featured on it for the second consecutive year.

• ‘Tree Cities of the World’ is a programme started by the United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organisation (UN-FAO) and non-profit organisation Arbor Day Foundation.

For 2021, 138 cities have been recognised under the programme.

• To be recognised as a Tree City, a city must have a written statement delegating responsibility for the care of trees within the municipal boundary to a staff member, a city department, or a group of citizens - a Tree Board.

• The city should have in place a law or an official policy to govern the management of forests and trees.

• The city should have a dedicated annual budget for the implementation of the tree management plan.

• To be recognised as a Tree City, it should organise an annual celebration of trees to raise awareness among people and to acknowledge citizens who carried out the tree programme.

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2022-04-18 10:05:28 6. Eastern Mountain Range or Purvanchal • The Purvanchal Range can be considered an extension of the Himalayas in the eastern portion of India because the creation process of this range is quite similar to that of the Himalayas, despite the fact that the… ओपन / कमेंट

2022-04-17 07:20:12 5. Satpura and Vindhya • The Satpura and Vindhaya Range lies in central India and both these ranges run parallel to each other. Out of these two, the Satpura range is higher in length and is the source of rivers like Narmada and Tapti. • Both Satpura and… ओपन / कमेंट

2022-04-16 14:18:16 Who was Kunwar Singh?

He belonged to a family of the Ujjainiya clan of the Parmar Rajputs of Jagdispur, currently a part of Bhojpur district, Bihar.

He was the chief organiser of the fight against the British in Bihar. He is popularly known as Veer Kunwar Singh.

Singh led the Indian Rebellion of 1857 in Bihar. He was nearly eighty and in failing health when he was called upon to take up arms.

He was assisted by both his brother, Babu Amar Singh and his commander-in-chief, Hare Krishna Singh. Some argue that the latter was the real reason behind Kunwar Singh's initial military success.

He gave a good fight and harried British forces for nearly a year and remained invincible until the end. He was an expert in the art of guerilla warfare.

He passed away on 26th April 1858. #GKbyMilitaryChoice

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2022-04-16 14:18:00 What are Oil Bonds?

An oil bond is an IOU, or a promissory note issued by the government to the (Oil Marketing Companies) OMCs, in lieu of cash that the government would have given them so that these companies don’t charge the public the full price of fuel.

An IOU, a phonetic acronym of the words "I owe you," is a document that acknowledges the existence of a debt.

A promissory note is a debt instrument that contains a written promise by one party (the note's issuer or maker) to pay another party (the note's payee) a definite sum of money, either on-demand or at a specified future date.

An oil bond says the government will pay the OMC the sum of, say, Rs 1,000 crore in 10 years. And to compensate the OMC for not having this money straight away, the government will pay it, say, 8% (or Rs 80 crore) each year until the bond matures.

Oil bonds do not qualify as Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) securities, making them less liquid when compared to other government securities.

SLR: The share of Net Demand and Time Liabilities that a bank is required to maintain safe and liquid assets, such as government securities, cash, and gold. #GKbyMilitaryChoice

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