English Group "Only Achievers"

2021-10-19 05:33:58 The Hindu Editorial with Vocab - 19th OCTOBER

Slippery slopes: On the retreat of southwest monsoon

Even as the Southwest monsoon retreats along parts of northern Karnataka, Telangana, Odisha, Bengal and the northeastern States in October, it is leaving a trail of destruction in several districts. Significant loss of life has occurred in Kerala. While the heaviest recent downpour has been reported from west Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, east Rajasthan and Uttarakhand, with as much as 31 cm in Sheopur on Monday, there has been very heavy rain in Kerala and Gangetic West Bengal. The Indian monsoon is an invaluable resource that sustains hundreds of millions of people, but variations in its patterns and intensity pose a rising challenge. Kerala, which hosts a vast stretch of the Western Ghats, is having to contend with these changes with almost no respite between severe spells. The recurrent bursts show that anomalies in precipitation over the State, spectacularly demonstrated by the inundation of idyllic towns in 2018 and by mudslides that killed many a year later, require a comprehensive adaptation plan. This year’s torrential rain in the State, which has killed at least 35 people so far, is causing alarm as large reservoirs in mountainous reaches start filling up fast, while the Northeast monsoon lies ahead. The Government has responded by issuing alerts for several dams, including Idukki, and put in place plans to release water to avoid a repeat of the flooding witnessed three years ago. Significantly, the IMD has issued an alert for more heavy rainfall in Kerala from October 20.

The precarity of living conditions in much of the country make the annual monsoon a persistent threat for millions, and governments should do more to reduce the risk to life and property. Nurturing the health of rivers and keeping them free of encroachments, protecting the integrity of mountain slopes by ending mining, deforestation and incompatible construction hold the key. The ecological imperative should be clear to Kerala with successive years of devastation, echoing the warnings in the Madhav Gadgil committee report on the Western Ghats. Land may be an extremely scarce resource, but expanding extractive economic activity to montane forests is certain to cause incalculable losses. One estimate by researchers in 2017 put quarrying area in Kerala at over 7,157 hectares, much of it in central districts that were hit later by mudslides. It should be evident to governments that it is unconscionable to allow the pursuit of short-term profits at the cost of helpless communities. A more benign development policy should treat nature as an asset, and not an impediment. Accurately mapped hazard zones should inform all decisions. There is a similar threat from extreme weather, breaking glaciers and cloudbursts to Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh. Several States face climate change impacts and extreme weather, and the response must be to strengthen natural defences.


CREDIT SOURCE - THE HINDU
------------------------------------------

1. Downpour (N)- a heavy fall of rain. मूसलधार बारिश

2. Respite (N)- a short period of rest or relief from something difficult or unpleasant. राहत

3. Anomalies (N)- something that deviates from what is standard, normal, or expected.

4. Precipitation (N)- water that falls from the clouds towards the ground, especially as rain or snow. वर्षण

5. Inundation (N)- the condition of being flooded. सैलाब, जलप्लावन,  बाढ़

6. Idyllic (Adj.)- like an idyll; extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque

7. Torrential (Adj )- used to refer to very heavy rain

8. Precarity (N)- the state of being uncertain or likely to get worse. अनिश्चितता

9. Encroachment (N)- any entry into an area not previously occupied. अतिक्रमण

10. Deforestation (N)- the cutting down of trees in a large area, or the destruction of forests by people. वन-कटाई

11. Devastation (N)- great destruction or damage. तबाही

12. Scarce (Adj)- insufficient to meet the demand. अपर्याप्त

Join @Englishkendra for relevant study material of English.

Happy learning! ओपन / कमेंट

2021-10-18 08:04:26 The Hindu Editorial with Vocab - 18th OCTOBER

Top league: On IPL 2021

The dust has finally settled on a long-winding tournament which also had a pandemic-induced interval. The 14th edition of the Indian Premier League (IPL) that commenced on April 9 in India, drew to a halt on May 2 following COVID-19’s debilitating second wave. After a break, the league found its concluding phase in the desert sands with the United Arab Emirates (UAE) hosting the remaining matches from September 19 to October 15. The context, venues and timelines changed, but for the IPL some truths seemed eternal. Chennai Super Kings (CSK) may not have as many titles as Mumbai Indians (MI) but when it comes to consistency, no other outfit can challenge M.S. Dhoni’s men dressed in the yellow shade. CSK emerged champion with a swagger while ignoring the sarcasm around it being a ‘Dad’s Army’ considering the veterans in its ranks starting with Dhoni at 40. Having finished seventh in the previous edition in the UAE, the Chennai unit had the odds stacked against it while defending champion MI with five titles, seemed poised to extend its legacy. But when the cricket caravan moved from India to the UAE, CSK remained the team to beat while MI failed to qualify for the play-offs. CSK claimed its fourth title and is just behind MI in the trophy sweepstakes.

In the final against Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR), CSK held the momentum and the rival fell short by 27 runs. But, as Dhoni mentioned, it is tough to stay in the bottom half for a large part of the tournament and then qualify for the summit clash. KKR precisely did that under Eoin Morgan before stumbling in the climax. CSK’s overwhelming experience as reflected in Dhoni, Dwayne Bravo, Faf du Plessis, Moeen Ali, Suresh Raina, Robin Uthappa and Ambati Rayudu, allied with youngsters like Ruturaj Gaikwad, proved to be a combination that kept its calm despite Twenty20’s frenzied rush. With Shardul Thakur, Bravo, Deepak Chahar and Ravindra Jadeja chipping in as bowlers, CSK covered all bases. While KKR was the surprise packet, Royal Challengers Bangalore (RCB) and Delhi Capitals failed to break their trophy drought despite making it to the last four. The IPL’s penchant to highlight fresh talent was evident too as Ruturaj, KKR’s Venkatesh Iyer, RCB’s Harshal Patel or Sunrisers Hyderabad speedster Umran Malik, to name a few, drew attention. While the league prospered, it is sobering to reflect upon bubble fatigue, a grim reality these days, which forced Chris Gayle to skip mid-way. Financially sound, the IPL however is at an emotional tipping point as the addition of two new franchises for the 2022 season would mean that the next player-auction can alter team-compositions and test fan loyalties.


CREDIT SOURCE - THE HINDU
-------------------------------------------

1. Draw To A Halt (Idiom)- to slow down and stop.

2. Debilitating (Adj)- (of a disease or condition) making someone very weak and infirm.

3. Swagger (N)- a very confident and arrogant or self-important gait or manner.

4. Sarcasm (N)- the use of irony to mock or convey contempt. निन्दापूर्ण वचन

5. Caravan (N)- a group of people and vehicles travelling together, especially in a desert. काफिला

6. Sweepstake (N)- a race or contest in which the entire prize may be awarded to the winner.

7. Frenzied (Adj)- wildly excited or uncontrolled.

8. Penchant (N)- a strong or habitual liking for something or tendency to do something.

JOIN @Englishkendra for relevant study material of English.

Happy learning! ओपन / कमेंट

2021-10-16 06:53:18 The Hindu Editorial with Vocab - 16th OCTOBER

Gati Shakti can cut logistics costs if it can convince all States to come on board

With the Gati Shakti National Master Plan that he launched on October 13, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has expanded on the familiar theme that India’s slowing economic growth engine can find renewed momentum through major infrastructure upgrades that will cut logistics costs for industry and raise all round efficiency. Essentially a technocentric administrative initiative that promises silo-breaking integration of 16 Ministries including railways, roads and ports through information technology, satellite mapping and data tools, the programme seeks to appeal to the national imagination as an umbrella integrator of ₹111-lakh crore worth of projects under the National Infrastructure Pipeline (NIP) for 2020-25. The importance given in the plan to rail-road multimodal connectivity and higher share of freight for the railways — articulated also by NITI Aayog — has evident multiple benefits. This includes reducing the cost of logistics to GDP that has prevailed at about 14% even at the time the NDA government took office, to an aspirational 8%. There is also the challenge of reducing vehicular emissions from road freight growth in order to meet climate change commitments and containing input costs due to extraordinarily high taxes on diesel. A similar fillip to efficiency in port operations can increase cargo handling capacity and cut vessel turnaround time. Evidently, States have a crucial role in all this, considering that key pieces of the plan such as port linkages and land availability for highways, railways, industrial clusters and corridors depend on political consensus and active partnership.

The observations in the Economic Survey for 2020-21 underscore the role of active Centre-State partnerships for infrastructure building. The Survey projects maximum investments towards NIP sectors such as energy, roads, urban infrastructure and railways for FY 2021 and 22, with about ₹8.5-lakh crore to be invested by either side annually, besides ₹4.5-lakh crore per year from the private sector. There is a steep gradient to cover here, as the effects of COVID-19 continue to be felt in terms of lost jobs, depressed wages and consumption, while the planners are pinning their hopes on infrastructure projects for a new deal outcome that will boost jobs and demand for goods and commodities, besides attracting major investments. Significant delays to projects can often be traced to incompatible and hostile land acquisition decisions that alienate communities or threaten to violate environmental integrity. Given the Centre’s preference for Geographic Information Systems and remote sensing to identify potential industrial areas, policymakers would do well to reclaim lands already subjected to degradation and pollution, rather than alienate controversial new parcels. Convincing citizens that they stand to benefit from such grand plans through better social welfare, lower service costs and higher efficiencies, and respecting federal boundaries while dealing with the States are other imperatives.


CREDIT SOURCE - THE HINDU -------------------------------------------


1. Prevail(v): prove more powerful or superior. प्रचलित होना

2. Vehicular(adj): involving or by means of a vehicle or vehicles.  सवारी संबंधी

3. Freight(N): transport (goods) in bulk by truck, train, ship, or aircraft

4. Steep(adj>): (of a slope, flight of stairs, or angle) rising or falling sharply; almost perpendicular.

5. Gradient(N): an inclined part of a road or railway; a slope.

6. Acquisition(N): purchase, accession, addition;अर्जन

7. Degradation(N): the condition or process of degrading or being degraded.गिरावट

8. Alienate(v): isolate, detach;  हस्तांतरित करना

Join @Englishkendra for relevant study material of English.

Happy learning! ओपन / कमेंट

2021-10-15 07:58:37 The Hindu Editorial Vocabulary - 15th OCTOBER

1. Debacle (N)- a complete failure, especially because of bad planning and organization. पराजय

2. Abject (Adj)- (of something bad) experienced or present to the maximum degree.

3. Unremitting (Adj)- never relaxing or slackening; incessant. लगातार

4. Cronyism (N)- the appointment of friends and associates to positions of authority, without proper regard to their qualifications.

5. Feisty (Adj)- touchy and aggressive.

6. Privy Purses (N)- a sum from the public revenues allotted to the sovereign for personal expenses.

7. Rely On (V)- to be dependent on.

8. Augment (V)- make (something) greater by adding to it; increase. बढ़ाना

JOIN @Englishkendra for relevant study material of English.

Happy learning! ओपन / कमेंट

2021-10-14 07:49:25 The Hindu Editorial with Vocab - 14th OCTOBER

Beguiling base: On fuel prices and inflation

The latest sets of data on industrial output and retail inflation are beguilingly heartening, with the former showing a double-digit year-on-year increase in production, and the latter positing a sharp slowdown in price gains. The Index of Industrial Production (IIP) and Consumer Price Index (CPI) figures released on Tuesday show industrial output rose 11.9% in August, while inflation in September slowed by 95 basis points from the preceding month to 4.35%. The numbers seem to indicate a gathering recovery in economic momentum, even as CPI-based inflation eases towards the RBI’s mandated target of 4%. The IIP constituents — mining, manufacturing and electricity — posted appreciable improvements of 23.6%, 9.7% and 16%, respectively. But a closer look shows the production figures were buoyed substantially by the contractions that occurred last year when the economy was still struggling to recover from the first COVID-19 lockdown. The eroded base in the case of the August 2020 IIP data disguises the fact that output actually shrank 0.2% on a month-on-month basis this year with mining and manufacturing, which together account for 94% of the index, posting sequential contractions of 0.8% and 0.5%, respectively. Only consumer non-durables and construction goods posted increases from July. The slowdown in the consumer durables category reflects the lack of demand for white goods amid the pandemic.

With last fiscal’s IIP numbers showing output rebounding in September-October 2020, and some industrial sectors, including automobile manufacturing, hit this year by raw material shortages and logistic constraints, it is hard to see production sustaining the pace of growth. Inflation too has benefited from the elevated levels in the year-earlier period when the headline reading had accelerated to 7.3% in September 2020, and subsequently touched 7.6% last October. The CPI data mask the real extent of price pressures across major product categories. Undermining nutritional security especially among the sizeable number who have suffered job or income cuts, key protein sources including meat and fish and pulses and products recorded provisional inflation of 7.99% and 8.75%, respectively, while the vital cooking medium of oils and fats saw price gains accelerate to a punishing 34.2%. Transport and communication, which captures pump prices of petrol and diesel, also stayed stuck close to double digits at 9.5%. With global crude oil ruling near three-year highs, unless the Central and State governments deign to respond to the RBI’s entreaties and cut fuel levies, there is little scope for inflation easing by much in this category. The coal crisis that is roiling power output is sure to also ripple across sectors and undermine price stability unless policy makers intervene post haste.


CREDIT SOURCE - THE HINDU
-------------------------------------------

1. Beguilingly (Adv )- in a way that is interesting and attractive, but perhaps not to be trusted

2. Mandate (V)- give (someone) authority to act in a certain way.

3. Buoyed (V)- to help a company, market, or economy to be more successful.

4. Disguise (V)- give (someone or oneself) a different appearance in order to conceal one's identity.

5. White Goods (N)- large pieces of electrical equipment used in people’s homes, for example washing machines and fridges.

6. Constraint (N)- a limitation or restriction. बाध्यताएं

7. Deign (V)- do something that one considers to be beneath one's dignity. अनुग्रह करना

8. Entreaty (N)- an earnest request or plea. निवेदन

9. Ripple (N)- a sudden and adverse reaction.

Join @Englishkendra for relevant study material of English.

Happy learning! ओपन / कमेंट

2021-10-13 06:10:45 The Hindu Editorial with Vocab - 13th OCTOBER

Islamic State vs Taliban

The suicide attack on a mosque in Kunduz last week, killing at least 50 people, all of them from Afghanistan’s persecuted Shia minority, is a grave reminder that the conflict in the country is far from over. The Islamic State-Khorasan (IS-K), the Afghanistan-based arm of the terrorist organisation, has claimed responsibility. The IS’s doctrinal hatred towards the Shias is known. In Iraq and Syria, it systematically targeted Shias, who it calls “rejectionists” of faith, and used such attacks to mobilise the support of Sunni hardliners and trigger sectarian conflicts. The Kunduz blast was the third major attack by the IS since the Taliban’s takeover of Kabul on August 15. Days later, an IS suicide squad attacked Kabul airport when thousands of Afghans were desperately trying to flee the country, killing at least 170 Afghans and 13 American soldiers. On October 3, a bomb targeted a memorial service being held for the mother of the Taliban spokesman, Zabihullah Mujahid, in a Kabul mosque, killing five. All these attacks suggest that the IS-K’s ability to strike has grown. The group, which started operating in Afghanistan’s eastern provinces after it suffered setbacks in Iraq and Syria in 2015-16, is no longer confined to the east.

When the Taliban captured power in 1996, their main promise was to provide security to a people who were living through almost two decades of civil war. The Taliban had taken control of almost 90% of the country and established order through the implementation of their brutal code. This time, the Taliban control almost all of the country, but still struggle to establish order. There have been multiple instances of direct fighting between the Taliban and IS-K jihadists. The Taliban is an enemy for the IS-K, which wants to establish a foothold in caseAfghanistan exploiting the its sectarian wounds and security vacuum. While both groups have used tactics of terror, the IS-K is a pan-Islamist jihadist outfit, while the Taliban are largely a Pashtun nationalist militancy. The rise of the IS-K poses multiple challenges to the Taliban’s rule over Afghanistan, which many in Afghanistan and Pakistan saw as a solution to the country’s security woes. On one side, their promise to provide security looks hollow. Afghanistan’s cities under the Taliban remain as insecure as they were under the previous Islamic Republic. On the other hand, even if the Taliban, under pressure from Afghanistan’s donors and the public, want to make some concessions on the many restrictions already imposed, they would come under pressure from the more extremist IS-K, which says the Taliban are not Islamic enough. For the people of Afghanistan, who are stuck between the devil and the deep blue sea, the war that started 40 years ago continues, no matter who is in power in Kabul.


CREDIT SOURCE - THE HINDU
-------------------------------------------

1. Grave (Adj)- seriously bad.

2. Sectarian (Adj)- caused by disagreements among people from different religious groups. सांप्रदायिक

3. Desperately (Adv)- in a very worried or angry way. निराशापूर्वक

4. Flee (V)- run away from a place or situation of danger. भाग जाना

5. Outfit (N)- a group of people undertaking a particular activity together.

6. Woes (N)- big problems or troubles. संकट

7. Between The Devil And The Deep Blue Sea (Phrase)- in a difficult situation where there are two equally unpleasant choices.

Join @Englishkendra for relevant study material of English.

Happy learning! ओपन / कमेंट

2021-10-12 07:30:13 The Hindu Editorial Vocabulary - 12th OCTOBER

1. Imperative(adj)- of vital importance; crucial.अनिवार्य

2. Dialectical (Adj.)- relating to the logical discussion of ideas and opinions. द्वंद्वात्मक

3. Tempestuous(n)- very stormy.तूफ़ानी

4. Embargo (n)- an official ban on trade or other commercial activity with a particular country.

5. Vandalise (v)- to deliberately damage or destroy things.

6. Reincarnate (v)- cause to appear in a new form.

7. Coercion(N): enforcement;बाध्य करना; बलप्रयोग

8. Amenable(adj.): open and responsive to suggestion; easily persuaded or controlled.उत्तरदायी

9. Impeccable(adj): in accordance with the highest standards; faultless. त्रुटिहीन

10. Accretion(N): accumulation, accrual संचय, संचयीकरण, अभिवृद्धि

11. Prerogative(N): privilege, advantage; परमाधिकार

12. Bicameral(adj.): (of a legislative body) having two chambers. द्विसदनी

13. Pernicious(adj.): having a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or subtle way.

14. Incubate(V): to cause or aid the development of; विकासशील

Join @Englishkendra for relevant study material of English.

Happy learning! ओपन / कमेंट

2021-10-11 07:46:18 The Hindu Editorial with Vocab - 11th OCTOBER

A homecoming: On Air India and the Tatas

Air India, the airline started by J.R.D. Tata in the 1930s, is all set to return to the Tata fold after a 68-year-long journey as India’s state-owned flag carrier. The Centre’s announcement on Friday that Tata Sons’ subsidiary Talace Pvt. Ltd. was the winning bidder for the 100% stake in the debt-laden airline rings the curtain on the government’s multi-year effort to privatise the loss-making carrier. Talace emerged winner in the two-horse race by bidding to take over ₹15,300 crore of Air India’s more than ₹60,000 crore of accumulated debt and offering an additional ₹2,700 crore in cash for the Government’s equity stake. For the Tatas, who have retained an abiding interest in the country’s airline industry and currently majority own both a budget carrier, AirAsia India, and a full-service airline, Vistara, the Air India acquisition brings opportunities to gain scale and synergies at a significant level. With Air India and its low-cost unit, Air India Express, together serving 55 overseas destinations, holding over 3,000 landing and parking slots, operating a 141-aircraft fleet of wide-body long-haul jets and narrow body planes for shorter flights, and the parent holding membership of the 26-airline Star Alliance, the Tatas in one stroke add unparalleled global reach among Indian carriers. Air India’s 13.2% consolidated market share of domestic traffic as of August also gives the group a more competitive combined share of almost 27%, albeit still a substantial 30 percentage points adrift of market leader IndiGo.

The Centre, for its part, can finally heave a sigh of relief at having successfully exited the commercial aviation space, a high-cost industry that most governments around the world have left in the hands of private carriers so as to ensure taxpayers’ money is deployed more meaningfully in social and strategic sectors. After having ploughed in more than ₹1-lakh crore of capital in the past decade alone and seeing Air India suffer a daily loss of over ₹20 crore, the Government’s desperation to cut its losses and close out a fire sale is understandable. The pandemic’s impact on public finances and the carrier’s operations, especially given the devastating impact on air travel both domestic and international, is sure to have helped spur the Government’s decision to agree to not only absorb 75% of the carrier’s debt, but to also pick up the tab on medical benefits for former employees. And in a bid to protect the interests of the more than 13,000 permanent and contractual staff at the airline and its unit, the government has bound Talace to ensuring there should be no job cuts for at least one year. Still, integrating the state-run carrier’s sizeable workforce is going to be one among the many serious challenges, awaiting the Tatas. To turn around Air India at a time of soaring fuel costs and COVID-hit air travel, is sure to test the conglomerate’s managerial mettle.


CREDIT SOURCE - THE HINDU
-------------------------------------------

1. Debt-Laden (Adj)- owing a lot of money or involving a lot of debt.

2. Two-Horse Race (N)- a competition, election, etc, in which there are only two teams or candidates with a chance of winning.

3. Equity (N)- the value of the shares issued by a company.

4. Abiding (Adj)- lasting for a long time.

5. Acquisition (N)- the process of getting something. अधिग्राहण

6. Synergy (N)- the combined power of a group of things when they are working together that is greater than the total power achieved by each working separately

7. Desperation (N)- a state of hopelessness leading to rashness. निराशा

8. Devastating (Adj)- causing severe shock, distress, or grief. हानिकारक

9. Soaring (Adj)- increasing rapidly above the usual level.

10. Mettle (N)- the determination and ability to deal with problems and difficult situations.

Join @Englishkendra for relevant study material of English.

Happy learning! ओपन / कमेंट

2021-10-10 04:52:40 Some Confusing The Hindu Phrasal Verbs


Come by – To get

Example- It is difficult to come by a good job now-a-days.


Come about- To happen

  Example- How did these huge losses in your business come about?


Come across- To find (unexpectedly) or meet by chance

Example- Ayushmann’s Bala movie has all hair loss tips we have ever come across on the Internet.


Come down- To become lower or cheaper

Example- “Onion prices will come down soon”, Bangladesh PM Hasina.


Come forward – To offer help

Example- “Shiv Sena should come forward for alternative agreement.”,BJP


Come out- To come into public view happen

Example- Apple CEO Tim Cook revealed that he was motivated to publicly come out as gay.

 
Come to- To gain consciousness or to recover/ to get result

Example- US and China have  come to understanding on Trade relationship.


Come up – Mooted or raised for discussion

Example- The issue of safety came up twice during the meeting.

Join @Englishkendra for relevant study material of English.

Happy learning! ओपन / कमेंट

2021-10-08 06:26:12 The Hindu Editorial with Vocab - 8th OCTOBER

Handling complexity: On 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics

Bringing to a close speculation about the winner of the Physics Nobel prize this year, the Nobel committee decided to award a trio of researchers. One half went to Syukuro Manabe of Princeton University, U.S., and Klaus Hasselmann of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany, for their work in climate science. In the long line of researchers who estimated the warming of the atmosphere due to gases in it, Syukuro Manabe’s modelling, in collaboration with others — and over decades — is a classic work that showed, even in the 1960s, that the atmosphere would undergo another 2.3° C warming with the doubling of carbon dioxide content. Klaus Hasselmann identified a way of treating the random noise-like variations of the weather, devising a method to generate useful “signals” on the scale of the climate. Of interest was the way these models could show the effect of human activities on the climate. The other half of the prize, to Giorgio Parisi from the Sapienza University of Rome, Italy, is for developing a method to sensibly study complex condensed matter systems called “spin glasses” — an outstanding feat in both mathematical and physical innovation. The idea to break what is called “replica symmetry”, seen in a spin glass, in a consistent manner, which was his contribution, led to a method to study one of the simplest models of a genuinely complex system. His work has helped solve problems in mathematics, biology and neuroscience; for instance, how memory is stored in networks of nerve cells.

What ties together the seemingly disparate works — the climate science work by Syukuro and Hasselmann on the one hand and theoretical condensed matter physics work by Parisi on the other — is that both describe complex physical systems. Physics is often thought of as a science of simple systems, and it is mostly celebrated and sometimes chided for this. Even rocket science, which inspires awe for its grandeur and accuracy, is mostly the study of so-called simple systems. Complexity arises when there are many, many interacting pieces in the system, with each moving in an independent way. The deceptively easy-looking problem of water rushing out of a tap is notoriously difficult to understand as to when it makes a transition from simple streamlined flow to a complex turbulent flow. The Nobel winners this year have handled such complex systems and developed tools to get meaningful, quantitative results out of them. Notable in this is the climate scientists’ work, which makes it obvious where science stands on the issue of global warming and estimates the human fingerprint on climate change. With the COP26 summit drawing close, the Nobel committee’s decision only underscores the need to take this into account.


CREDIT SOURCE - THE HINDU
-------------------------------------------

1. Speculation (N)- the forming of a theory or conjecture without firm evidence. अनुमान

2. Condense (Adj)- changed from a gas or vapour to a liquid. संघनित

3. Feat (N)- an achievement that requires great courage, skill, or strength.

4. Spin Glass (N)- Any material in which the atomic spins are oriented at disordered but fixed directions.

5. Neuroscience (N)- the scientific study of the nervous system and the brain. तंत्रिका विज्ञान

6. Disparate (Adj)- different in every way. असमान

7. Awe (N)- a feeling of reverential respect mixed with fear or wonder.

8. Grandeur (N)- splendour and impressiveness, especially of appearance or style.

9. Deceptively (Adv)- used for saying that something is different from how it appears.

10. Streamlined (Adj)- having been made simpler and more efficient or effective.

Join @Englishkendra for relevant study material of English.

Happy learning! ओपन / कमेंट