2021-02-24 09:12:17
AGRI Achiever:
Water Erosion - Types
Splash erosion :
• It is scattering of detached soil particles by the impact of rain drops.
• The Velocity of rain drop may be 30 km/hr.
Sheet erosion :
• It is uniform removal of soil in thin layer like a sheet from gently sloppy land resulting from overland flow occuring in thin layers.
Rill erosion :
• The beating of raindrops combined with surface flow of rain cause the initial microscopic rilling.
• Rill erosion is removal of soil by water from small well defined channels when there is a concentration of overland flow.
Gully erosion :
• The erosion having channels larger than rills and which can not be removed by tillage operation is called gully erosion.
• Gully erosion is advanced stage of rill erosion.
DISEASES IN FRUITS DUE TO DEFICIENCY OF SUBSTANCES
1.Dieback in Lemon :- Copper (Cu)
2.Little Leaf in Lemon :- Copper (Cu)
3.Yellow Spot Disorder in Lemon :- Molybdenum (Mb)
4.Internal Necrocis in Anola:- Boron (Bo)
5.Little Leaf in Mango & Brinjal :- Zinc (Zn)
6.Millerandge Disorder in Grapes :- Boron (Bo)
7.Water Core in Banana :- Due to Particles of Ice & Deposition of Sorbitol
8.Bronzing in Guava :- Zinc (Zn)
9.Scorching (Burning of Leaves) in Mango :- Potassium (K) & Excess of Chloride in Water
10.Internal Necrocis in Mangoes :-Boron (Bo)
11.Scorching in Litchi :-Potassium (K)
12.Black Tip in Mango :- SO2 Gas from Kiln
13.Bunchy Disease in Peanut :- Zinc (Zn)
14.“Hen & Chicken” in Grapes :- Boron (Bo)
Substances And Their Functions
1 Auxin :
Named by F.W. Went. It has apical bud dominance, inhibit
root elongation and promote cell division in tissue culture
a. IAA
Prevent premature fruit drop
b. IBA
Root formation
c. NAA
Fruit thinner, prevent fruit drop
2 d.2,4-D :
Fruit setting hormone (< 20 ppm), and also used as herbicide 20 ppm)
3 Cytokinin :
Dormancy breaker, stimulate cell division
4 Gibberellins :
Cell elongation, increase fruit size
5 Abscisic acid (ABA) :
Induce Dormancy, stomata closer, also called as anti-gibberellin
6 Ethylene :
Ripening of fruits, Isodiametric growth of stem & roots
7 Chlormequat (CCC) :
Logging preventor, also known as cycocel
8 Maleic hydrazide
Growth retardant, prevent onion sprouting in storage, sold
under trade name Sprout stop
9 Ethephone :
T.Name-Ethrel, Used as Banana fruit ripener
10 Glyphosate :
Used as sugarcane ripener
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