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Prelims info from newspaper articles will be posted here as summary
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नवीनतम संदेश
2024-04-19 06:28:32
#SnT
What is Goldene?
It is a single-atom-thick sheet of gold, making it the world's thinnest gold leaf.
Read about graphene here- Click here
Scientists have been trying to make 2D sheets of metals like this for a long time
Sensing different chemicals and substances-Catalysis - speeding up chemical reactions (like splitting water for clean energy).
Why is it significant?- Gold at this thinness has completely new properties, unlike the gold we usually think of.Bulk gold is 3D, with atoms arranged in all directions. Goldene is 2D, where atoms are confined to a single flat sheet. This fundamental difference in structure can dramatically alter its electrical, optical, and chemical behavior-can lead to new electronic properties, potentially making goldene more efficient at conducting electricity or interacting with light in specific ways.
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13.4K views03:28
2024-04-13 07:13:16
#Polity
Legal Provisions for Election Affidavit Disclosures
context : Click here
1. Nomination and Affidavit Requirement: Under Section 33 of RPA 1951, read with rule 4A of election rules, candidates must file a nomination paper accompanied by an affidavit that discloses specific details in a prescribed format.
2. Landmark Supreme Court Judgment: Association of Democratic Reforms (ADR) Vs Union of India (2002)=right of voters to know the criminal background, assets, liabilities, and educational qualifications of candidates.
3. Addition of Section 33A: After the ADR judgment, Section 33A was introduced to the RP Act, mandating candidates to disclose their criminal records.
4. Penalties for Non-compliance: Section 125A of the RP Act prescribes penalties, including imprisonment or fines, for failure to furnish information, providing false data, or concealing facts in the affidavit.
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13.0K viewsedited 04:13
2024-04-10 07:53:39
#IR #SnT
Bletchley Park Declaration
What?- for global collaboration on artificial intelligence (AI) safety-world’s first global summit on artificial intelligence (AI) safety held in 2023.
Where?- At Bletchley Park, England-historic site known for its crucial role in World War II
Agenda- Outlines the agenda for risk mitigation of AI that may arise from potential intentional misuse or unintended control issues related to Frontier AI (highly capable foundation generative AI models)
What is the suggestion on way ahead?= States that all actors, including companies, civil society, and academia, must collaborate-Emphasizes international cooperation
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14.0K views04:53
2024-04-09 08:29:11
#SnT
Semiconductors manufacturing Technology
What is a semiconductor chip? How is it manufactured?
A semiconductor has properties between a conductor (which conducts electricity) and an insulator (which does not). In its purest form a semiconductor is a very weak conductor of electricity.
However, its electrical properties can be changed by adding small amounts of certain substances called ‘dopants’. By taking a pure semiconductor and carefully injecting certain parts with specific dopants, complex circuits can be ‘printed’ on the semiconductor.
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14.0K views05:29
2024-04-07 08:27:33
#Environment
The Green Credit Programme (GCP)
What?- a government initiative that rewards individuals and organizations for their positive contributions to the environment
Launched by MoEFCC- The Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE) administers the program.
The Green Credit Registry and trading platform, being developed by ICFRE along with experts, would facilitate the registration and thereafter, the buying and selling of Green Credits.
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15.3K views05:27
2024-04-05 07:39:55
#Environment
Mushk Budhiji Rice variety from Kashmir.
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13.0K views04:39
2024-04-04 09:49:57
#Polity
Extra Neutral Alcohol
Primary ingredient for alcoholic beverages (whiskey, vodka, etc.)
It is derived from different sources — sugarcane molasses and grains — and is used in the production of alcoholic beverages such as whisky, vodka, gin, cane, liqueurs, and alcoholic fruit beverages.
Colorless, food-grade alcohol with neutral taste and smell=Also used in cosmetics, personal care products, and some industrial applications.
ENA is a byproduct of sugarcane processing, similar to ethanol- Issue is Diversion of ethanol (a byproduct of the sugar industry, like ENA) to biofuel blending.
Think of it like this:
Sugarcane Molasses: The raw material.
Ethanol: The first level of refinement-95%
ENA: Ethanol further refined to a higher purity to meet specific requirements-96%pure and above.
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13.1K viewsedited 06:49
2024-04-01 05:37:13
#Economy
Section 43 B(h) of Income tax act.
Background : Under the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development (MSMED) Act, payments to MSMEs should be made within 45 days of accepting goods or services if there is a written contract. If no such agreement exists-15 days. Section 43B (h) of the Income Tax Act reinforces this by stipulating that such payments will be allowed as a deduction for the buying company only if made within the timeframe . Otherwise, the amount due would be treated as income - thus taxable.
Challenge : some buyers, to avoid the stringent conditions of timely payments, might prefer to engage with suppliers not registered under UDYAM, hence not protected by the provisions of the MSMED Act= registered MSMEs at a disadvantage, potentially leading to longer payment cycles or even loss of business as buyers shift to unregistered suppliers to circumvent the regulations.
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13.2K views02:37
2024-03-27 08:18:01
#Environment
Grass- Monocot or Dicot?
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14.2K views05:18
2024-03-22 16:24:40
#SnT
Pushpak: ISRO’s Reusable Launch Vehicle
What?- The Pushpak RLV is part of ISRO's technologically complex Reusable Launch Vehicle – Technology Demonstrator (RLV-TD) project.
Purpose?- The main goal of India's RLV program is to significantly reduce the cost of launching payloads into space by developing reusable launch vehicles. This would make space missions more affordable and accessible.
The Pushpak RLV builds on technology developed for the X-33, X-34, and upgraded DC-XA experimental spacecraft ( NASA). The Indian Air Force (IAF) supported the mission with a Chinook helicopter for the RLV's initial lift.
Note : The Pushpak RLV is named after a flying chariot in the Hindu epic, the Ramayana.
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12.9K viewsedited 13:24
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