2022-07-15 06:11:47
FUNCTIONS OF NUTRIENTS
• C, H and O are the elements that provide basic structure to the plant.
• N, S and P are useful in energy storage, transfer and bonding.
• N, S and P are accessory structural elements which are more active and vital for living tissues.
• K, Ca and Mg are necessary for charge balance. They act as regulators and carriers.
• Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Mo and Cl are involved in enzyme activation and electron transport. They act as catalysers and activators.
• Basic nutrients C, H and O are constituents of carbohydrates and several biochemical compounds.
• Nitrogen is a constituent of proteins, enzymes, hormones,
vitamins, alkaloids, chlorophyll etc.
• Phosphorus is a constituent of sugar phosphates, nucleotides, nucleic acids, coenzymes and phospholipids.
• Process of anabolism and catabolism of carbohydrates proceed when organic compounds are esterised with phosphoric acid.
• Potassium is not a constituent of any organic compound.
• Potassium is required as a cofactor for 40 or more enzymes.
• Potassium controls movement of stomata and maintains electroneutrality of plant cells.
• Sulphur is a constituent of several aminoacids and fatty acids.
• Calcium is a constituent of cell wall as calcium pectate.
• Calcium is required as a cofactor in hydrolysis of ATP and phospholipids.
• Magnesium is a constituent of chlorophyll.
• Magnesium is required in several enzymes involved in phosphate transfer.
• Iron is a constituent of various enzymes like cytochrome,
catalase and plays the part of a vital catalyst in the plant.
• Iron is a key element in various redox reactions of respiration, photosynthesis and reduction of nitrates and sulphates.
• Manganese is a constituent of several cation activated enzymes like decarboxylases, kinases, oxidases etc.
• Manganese is essential for the formation of chlorophyll,
reduction of nitrates and for respiration.
• Copper and Zinc are involved in cation activated enzymes.
• Boron helps in carbohydrate transport.
• Boron is necessary for the germination of pollen, formation of flowers and fruits and for the absorption of cations.
• Molybdenum is required for the assimilation of nitrates as well as for the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen.
• Chlorine is involved in reaction relating to oxygen evolution.
• Co, Se are the elements that need to be applied to forage crops from the viewpoint of animal nutrition.
• Cobalt is essential for the synthesis of vitamin B12.
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